:root{--ink:#e9eef2;--muted:#a9b5bd;--navy:#071522;--navy2:#0c2232;--paper:#f2eee4;--paper2:#e9e0cf;--dark:#17222b;--copper:#c67b42;--copper2:#e7ac73;--cyan:#67d7ee;--line:rgba(255,255,255,.14);--max:1180px;--serif:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;--sans:Inter,ui-sans-serif,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',sans-serif}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--dark);font-family:var(--sans);line-height:1.68}a{color:inherit}img{display:block;max-width:100%}.ts-skip{position:absolute;left:-9999px;top:0}.ts-skip:focus{left:1rem;top:1rem;z-index:99;background:#fff;color:#111;padding:.7rem 1rem}.ts-header{position:relative;z-index:10;background:rgba(7,21,34,.97);color:var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.ts-head-inner{max-width:var(--max);min-height:74px;margin:auto;padding:0 24px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:28px}.ts-brand{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap}.ts-mark{width:39px;height:39px}.ts-wordmark{font:700 1.12rem/1 var(--serif);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-nav{margin-left:auto;display:flex;gap:20px;align-items:center}.ts-nav a{text-decoration:none;font-size:.82rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#c8d2d8}.ts-nav a:hover,.ts-nav a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--cyan)}.ts-menu{display:none;margin-left:auto;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:999px;background:transparent;color:#fff;padding:.55rem .8rem;font:700 .75rem var(--sans);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-hero{position:relative;min-height:690px;background:var(--navy);color:#fff;isolation:isolate;overflow:hidden}.ts-hero-media{position:absolute;inset:0;background:url('/assets/tesla-laboratory-hero.webp') center/cover no-repeat}.ts-hero-media:after{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(3,13,22,.97) 0%,rgba(3,13,22,.88) 34%,rgba(3,13,22,.38) 68%,rgba(3,13,22,.12) 100%),linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(3,13,22,.75),transparent 50%)}.ts-hero-inner{position:relative;z-index:1;max-width:var(--max);margin:auto;padding:126px 24px 96px}.ts-kicker{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;color:var(--copper2);font-size:.78rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-kicker:before{content:'';width:42px;height:1px;background:var(--copper2)}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--serif);line-height:1.08;margin:0}h1{max-width:720px;margin-top:20px;font-size:clamp(3.1rem,7.6vw,6.8rem);font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.045em}.ts-hero h1 em{font-style:normal;color:var(--cyan)}.ts-lede{max-width:640px;margin:28px 0 0;color:#c8d4db;font-size:clamp(1.05rem,1.9vw,1.3rem);line-height:1.65}.ts-actions{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:34px}.ts-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:46px;padding:0 20px;border:1px solid var(--copper);border-radius:2px;background:var(--copper);color:#111820;text-decoration:none;font-weight:800;font-size:.78rem;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-btn--ghost{background:rgba(7,21,34,.36);color:#fff;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.34)}.ts-facts{position:relative;z-index:2;max-width:var(--max);margin:-54px auto 0;padding:0 24px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr)}.ts-fact{min-height:120px;padding:25px 24px;background:#fff;border-right:1px solid #e2dacc;box-shadow:0 18px 34px rgba(12,22,30,.11)}.ts-fact:last-child{border:0}.ts-fact strong{display:block;font:500 1.6rem var(--serif);color:#9a562e}.ts-fact span{display:block;margin-top:7px;color:#6e7375;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:750;letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-section{padding:94px 24px}.ts-section--dark{background:var(--navy2);color:var(--ink)}.ts-section--band{background:var(--paper2)}.ts-wrap{max-width:var(--max);margin:auto}.ts-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.12fr) minmax(300px,.88fr);gap:70px;align-items:start}.ts-label{color:#9b5f37;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:850;letter-spacing:.15em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-section--dark .ts-label{color:var(--copper2)}h2{margin-top:12px;font-size:clamp(2.25rem,4.3vw,4.1rem);font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.035em}.ts-copy{margin-top:27px}.ts-copy p{margin:0 0 1.1rem;font-size:1.02rem}.ts-copy p:first-child{font-size:1.18rem}.ts-pull{margin:36px 0 0;padding:28px 0 0;border-top:1px solid #cdbfa9;color:#71462e;font:italic 1.42rem/1.45 var(--serif)}.ts-section--dark .ts-pull{border-color:var(--line);color:var(--cyan)}.ts-side-card{position:sticky;top:28px;padding:28px;background:#fff;border-top:4px solid var(--copper);box-shadow:0 20px 40px rgba(17,26,31,.1)}.ts-side-card h3{font-size:1.55rem}.ts-side-card p{color:#62696d}.ts-side-card ul{margin:1rem 0 0;padding-left:1.2rem}.ts-side-card li{margin:.55rem 0}.ts-section--dark .ts-side-card{background:#102b3d;color:#eef6f8;box-shadow:none}.ts-section--dark .ts-side-card p{color:#b9c8ce}.ts-cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:18px;margin-top:45px}.ts-card{display:flex;min-height:270px;flex-direction:column;padding:28px;background:#fff;border:1px solid #ddd3c2;text-decoration:none;transition:transform .18s,border-color .18s}.ts-card:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);border-color:var(--copper)}.ts-card-num{color:#a6663b;font-size:.74rem;font-weight:850;letter-spacing:.14em}.ts-card h3{margin-top:35px;font-size:1.65rem}.ts-card p{color:#676e70}.ts-card .ts-arrow{margin-top:auto;color:#9a562e;font-weight:800}.ts-legacy{padding:25px;border:1px solid #cdbfa9;background:rgba(255,255,255,.48)}.ts-legacy code{color:#7b492b;font-weight:700}.ts-footer{background:#050f18;color:#adbbc3;padding:58px 24px 34px}.ts-footer-grid{max-width:var(--max);margin:auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.25fr .75fr .75fr;gap:48px}.ts-footer h2{font-size:1.6rem;color:#fff}.ts-footer p{max-width:540px}.ts-footer a{color:#ccd7dc;text-decoration:none}.ts-footer a:hover{color:var(--cyan)}.ts-footer ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.ts-footer li{margin:.55rem 0}.ts-disclaimer{max-width:var(--max);margin:42px auto 0;padding-top:22px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:.78rem;color:#82919a}.ts-page-hero{background:var(--navy);color:#fff;padding:88px 24px 76px;border-bottom:1px solid #18374a}.ts-page-hero-inner{max-width:var(--max);margin:auto}.ts-crumbs{color:#9eb0ba;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-crumbs a{color:var(--copper2);text-decoration:none}.ts-page-hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.8rem,6.7vw,5.5rem);max-width:940px}.ts-page-intro{max-width:760px;margin:24px 0 0;color:#c2cfd5;font-size:1.2rem}.ts-article{max-width:1040px;margin:auto;padding:82px 24px 100px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 250px;gap:70px}.ts-prose{min-width:0}.ts-prose h2{margin:2.2rem 0 1rem;font-size:clamp(1.8rem,3.2vw,2.8rem)}.ts-prose h2:first-child{margin-top:0}.ts-prose h3{margin:1.8rem 0 .75rem;font-size:1.45rem}.ts-prose p{margin:0 0 1.15rem}.ts-prose .ts-note{padding:22px 24px;border-left:4px solid var(--copper);background:#e9dfcd}.ts-prose .ts-note strong{color:#764528}.ts-aside{align-self:start;position:sticky;top:24px;padding-left:22px;border-left:1px solid #cdbfa9}.ts-aside b{display:block;margin-bottom:.8rem;color:#874f2d;font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-aside a{display:block;padding:.52rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid #d8cfbf;text-decoration:none;font-size:.88rem}.ts-timeline{margin:2rem 0;padding:0;list-style:none}.ts-timeline li{position:relative;margin-left:21px;padding:0 0 28px 32px;border-left:1px solid #bfae92}.ts-timeline li:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:-6px;top:7px;width:11px;height:11px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--copper)}.ts-timeline time{display:block;color:#8c512e;font-weight:850;letter-spacing:.08em}.ts-patents{display:grid;gap:12px;margin:1.7rem 0}.ts-patent{padding:20px 22px;background:#fff;border:1px solid #d9cebb}.ts-patent b{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.18rem}.ts-patent span{display:block;margin-top:4px;color:#72787a;font-size:.88rem}.ts-diagram{margin:1.7rem 0;padding:22px;background:#0c2232}.ts-diagram img{width:100%;height:auto}.ts-source{font-size:.86rem;color:#697174}.ts-caution{display:flex;gap:15px;margin:2rem 0;padding:20px;border:1px solid #c8916d;background:#fff8f0}.ts-caution svg{flex:0 0 30px}.ts-definition{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:14px;margin:1.7rem 0}.ts-definition div{padding:20px;background:#fff;border-top:3px solid #c67b42}.ts-definition b{display:block;margin-bottom:.4rem;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.15rem}.ts-smallcaps{font-size:.75rem;font-weight:850;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase}.ts-noscript{background:#fff3cd;color:#483b00;padding:.7rem 1rem;text-align:center}.ts-brand-note{margin-top:24px;color:#9dafb9;font-size:.82rem}.ts-brand-note strong{color:#c9d7dd}
@media(max-width:920px){.ts-nav{display:none;position:absolute;left:16px;right:16px;top:67px;margin:0;padding:14px;background:#0c2232;border:1px solid var(--line);flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch}.ts-nav.is-open{display:flex}.ts-nav a{padding:.6rem}.ts-menu{display:block}.ts-facts{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.ts-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ts-side-card{position:static}.ts-cards{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.ts-article{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ts-aside{position:static;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:0 20px}.ts-aside b{grid-column:1/-1}.ts-footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.ts-footer-grid>div:first-child{grid-column:1/-1}}
@media(max-width:620px){.ts-head-inner{min-height:64px;padding:0 16px}.ts-wordmark{font-size:.95rem}.ts-mark{width:34px;height:34px}.ts-nav{top:58px}.ts-hero{min-height:660px}.ts-hero-media{background-position:62% center}.ts-hero-media:after{background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(3,13,22,.97),rgba(3,13,22,.78)),linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(3,13,22,.8),transparent)}.ts-hero-inner{padding:94px 18px 92px}h1{font-size:3.25rem}.ts-facts{margin-top:-34px;padding:0 14px}.ts-fact{min-height:104px;padding:18px 16px}.ts-fact strong{font-size:1.35rem}.ts-section{padding:70px 18px}.ts-cards{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ts-card{min-height:220px}.ts-footer{padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px}.ts-footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ts-footer-grid>div:first-child{grid-column:auto}.ts-page-hero{padding:65px 18px 58px}.ts-page-hero h1{font-size:3rem}.ts-article{padding:60px 18px 78px}.ts-definition{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ts-aside{grid-template-columns:1fr}.ts-aside b{grid-column:auto}.ts-patent{padding:17px}.ts-actions{align-items:stretch}.ts-btn{width:100%}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}.ts-card{transition:none}}